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shenwenjie
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doc/tabpage.txt
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392
doc/tabpage.txt
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*tabpage.txt* For Vim version 7.4. Last change: 2012 Aug 08
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VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
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Editing with windows in multiple tab pages. *tab-page* *tabpage*
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The commands which have been added to use multiple tab pages are explained
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here. Additionally, there are explanations for commands that work differently
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when used in combination with more than one tab page.
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1. Introduction |tab-page-intro|
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2. Commands |tab-page-commands|
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3. Other items |tab-page-other|
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4. Setting 'tabline' |setting-tabline|
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5. Setting 'guitablabel' |setting-guitablabel|
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{Vi does not have any of these commands}
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{not able to use multiple tab pages when the |+windows| feature was disabled
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at compile time}
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==============================================================================
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1. Introduction *tab-page-intro*
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A tab page holds one or more windows. You can easily switch between tab
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pages, so that you have several collections of windows to work on different
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things.
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Usually you will see a list of labels at the top of the Vim window, one for
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each tab page. With the mouse you can click on the label to jump to that tab
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page. There are other ways to move between tab pages, see below.
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Most commands work only in the current tab page. That includes the |CTRL-W|
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commands, |:windo|, |:all| and |:ball| (when not using the |:tab| modifier).
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The commands that are aware of other tab pages than the current one are
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mentioned below.
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Tabs are also a nice way to edit a buffer temporarily without changing the
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current window layout. Open a new tab page, do whatever you want to do and
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close the tab page.
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==============================================================================
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2. Commands *tab-page-commands*
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OPENING A NEW TAB PAGE:
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When starting Vim "vim -p filename ..." opens each file argument in a separate
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tab page (up to 'tabpagemax'). See |-p|
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A double click with the mouse in the non-GUI tab pages line opens a new, empty
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tab page. It is placed left of the position of the click. The first click
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may select another tab page first, causing an extra screen update.
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This also works in a few GUI versions, esp. Win32 and Motif. But only when
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clicking right of the labels.
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In the GUI tab pages line you can use the right mouse button to open menu.
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|tabline-menu|.
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:[count]tabe[dit] *:tabe* *:tabedit* *:tabnew*
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:[count]tabnew
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Open a new tab page with an empty window, after the current
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tab page. For [count] see |:tab| below.
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:[count]tabe[dit] [++opt] [+cmd] {file}
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:[count]tabnew [++opt] [+cmd] {file}
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Open a new tab page and edit {file}, like with |:edit|.
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For [count] see |:tab| below.
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:[count]tabf[ind] [++opt] [+cmd] {file} *:tabf* *:tabfind*
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Open a new tab page and edit {file} in 'path', like with
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|:find|. For [count] see |:tab| below.
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{not available when the |+file_in_path| feature was disabled
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at compile time}
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:[count]tab {cmd} *:tab*
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Execute {cmd} and when it opens a new window open a new tab
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page instead. Doesn't work for |:diffsplit|, |:diffpatch|,
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|:execute| and |:normal|.
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When [count] is omitted the tab page appears after the current
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one.
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When [count] is specified the new tab page comes after tab
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page [count]. Use ":0tab cmd" to get the new tab page as the
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first one.
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Examples: >
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:tab split " opens current buffer in new tab page
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:tab help gt " opens tab page with help for "gt"
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CTRL-W gf Open a new tab page and edit the file name under the cursor.
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See |CTRL-W_gf|.
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CTRL-W gF Open a new tab page and edit the file name under the cursor
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and jump to the line number following the file name.
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See |CTRL-W_gF|.
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CLOSING A TAB PAGE:
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Closing the last window of a tab page closes the tab page too, unless there is
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only one tab page.
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Using the mouse: If the tab page line is displayed you can click in the "X" at
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the top right to close the current tab page. A custom |'tabline'| may show
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something else.
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*:tabc* *:tabclose*
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:tabc[lose][!] Close current tab page.
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This command fails when:
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- There is only one tab page on the screen. *E784*
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- When 'hidden' is not set, [!] is not used, a buffer has
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changes, and there is no other window on this buffer.
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Changes to the buffer are not written and won't get lost, so
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this is a "safe" command.
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:tabc[lose][!] {count}
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Close tab page {count}. Fails in the same way as `:tabclose`
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above.
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*:tabo* *:tabonly*
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:tabo[nly][!] Close all other tab pages.
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When the 'hidden' option is set, all buffers in closed windows
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become hidden.
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When 'hidden' is not set, and the 'autowrite' option is set,
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modified buffers are written. Otherwise, windows that have
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buffers that are modified are not removed, unless the [!] is
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given, then they become hidden. But modified buffers are
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never abandoned, so changes cannot get lost.
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SWITCHING TO ANOTHER TAB PAGE:
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Using the mouse: If the tab page line is displayed you can click in a tab page
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label to switch to that tab page. Click where there is no label to go to the
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next tab page. |'tabline'|
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:tabn[ext] *:tabn* *:tabnext* *gt*
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<C-PageDown> *CTRL-<PageDown>* *<C-PageDown>*
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gt *i_CTRL-<PageDown>* *i_<C-PageDown>*
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Go to the next tab page. Wraps around from the last to the
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first one.
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:tabn[ext] {count}
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{count}<C-PageDown>
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{count}gt Go to tab page {count}. The first tab page has number one.
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:tabp[revious] *:tabp* *:tabprevious* *gT* *:tabN*
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:tabN[ext] *:tabNext* *CTRL-<PageUp>*
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<C-PageUp> *<C-PageUp>* *i_CTRL-<PageUp>* *i_<C-PageUp>*
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gT Go to the previous tab page. Wraps around from the first one
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to the last one.
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:tabp[revious] {count}
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:tabN[ext] {count}
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{count}<C-PageUp>
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{count}gT Go {count} tab pages back. Wraps around from the first one
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to the last one.
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:tabr[ewind] *:tabfir* *:tabfirst* *:tabr* *:tabrewind*
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:tabfir[st] Go to the first tab page.
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*:tabl* *:tablast*
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:tabl[ast] Go to the last tab page.
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Other commands:
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*:tabs*
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:tabs List the tab pages and the windows they contain.
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Shows a ">" for the current window.
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Shows a "+" for modified buffers.
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REORDERING TAB PAGES:
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:tabm[ove] [N] *:tabm* *:tabmove*
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:[N]tabm[ove]
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Move the current tab page to after tab page N. Use zero to
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make the current tab page the first one. Without N the tab
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page is made the last one.
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:tabm[ove] +[N]
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:tabm[ove] -[N]
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Move the current tab page N places to the right (with +) or to
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the left (with -).
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Note that although it is possible to move a tab behind the N-th one by using
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:Ntabmove, it is impossible to move it by N places by using :+Ntabmove. For
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clarification what +N means in this context see |[range]|.
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LOOPING OVER TAB PAGES:
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*:tabd* *:tabdo*
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:tabd[o] {cmd} Execute {cmd} in each tab page.
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It works like doing this: >
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:tabfirst
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:{cmd}
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:tabnext
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:{cmd}
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etc.
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< This only operates in the current window of each tab page.
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When an error is detected on one tab page, further tab pages
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will not be visited.
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The last tab page (or where an error occurred) becomes the
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current tab page.
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{cmd} can contain '|' to concatenate several commands.
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{cmd} must not open or close tab pages or reorder them.
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{not in Vi} {not available when compiled without the
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|+listcmds| feature}
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Also see |:windo|, |:argdo| and |:bufdo|.
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==============================================================================
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3. Other items *tab-page-other*
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*tabline-menu*
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The GUI tab pages line has a popup menu. It is accessed with a right click.
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The entries are:
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Close Close the tab page under the mouse pointer. The
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current one if there is no label under the mouse
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pointer.
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New Tab Open a tab page, editing an empty buffer. It appears
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to the left of the mouse pointer.
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Open Tab... Like "New Tab" and additionally use a file selector to
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select a file to edit.
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Diff mode works per tab page. You can see the diffs between several files
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within one tab page. Other tab pages can show differences between other
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files.
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Variables local to a tab page start with "t:". |tabpage-variable|
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Currently there is only one option local to a tab page: 'cmdheight'.
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The TabLeave and TabEnter autocommand events can be used to do something when
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switching from one tab page to another. The exact order depends on what you
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are doing. When creating a new tab page this works as if you create a new
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window on the same buffer and then edit another buffer. Thus ":tabnew"
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triggers:
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WinLeave leave current window
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TabLeave leave current tab page
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TabEnter enter new tab page
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WinEnter enter window in new tab page
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BufLeave leave current buffer
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BufEnter enter new empty buffer
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When switching to another tab page the order is:
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BufLeave
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WinLeave
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TabLeave
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TabEnter
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WinEnter
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BufEnter
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==============================================================================
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4. Setting 'tabline' *setting-tabline*
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The 'tabline' option specifies what the line with tab pages labels looks like.
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It is only used when there is no GUI tab line.
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You can use the 'showtabline' option to specify when you want the line with
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tab page labels to appear: never, when there is more than one tab page or
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always.
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The highlighting of the tab pages line is set with the groups TabLine
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TabLineSel and TabLineFill. |hl-TabLine| |hl-TabLineSel| |hl-TabLineFill|
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A "+" will be shown for a tab page that has a modified window. The number of
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windows in a tabpage is also shown. Thus "3+" means three windows and one of
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them has a modified buffer.
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The 'tabline' option allows you to define your preferred way to tab pages
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labels. This isn't easy, thus an example will be given here.
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For basics see the 'statusline' option. The same items can be used in the
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'tabline' option. Additionally, the |tabpagebuflist()|, |tabpagenr()| and
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|tabpagewinnr()| functions are useful.
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Since the number of tab labels will vary, you need to use an expression for
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the whole option. Something like: >
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:set tabline=%!MyTabLine()
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Then define the MyTabLine() function to list all the tab pages labels. A
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convenient method is to split it in two parts: First go over all the tab
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pages and define labels for them. Then get the label for each tab page. >
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function MyTabLine()
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let s = ''
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for i in range(tabpagenr('$'))
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" select the highlighting
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if i + 1 == tabpagenr()
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let s .= '%#TabLineSel#'
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else
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let s .= '%#TabLine#'
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endif
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" set the tab page number (for mouse clicks)
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let s .= '%' . (i + 1) . 'T'
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" the label is made by MyTabLabel()
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let s .= ' %{MyTabLabel(' . (i + 1) . ')} '
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endfor
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" after the last tab fill with TabLineFill and reset tab page nr
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let s .= '%#TabLineFill#%T'
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" right-align the label to close the current tab page
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if tabpagenr('$') > 1
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let s .= '%=%#TabLine#%999Xclose'
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endif
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return s
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endfunction
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Now the MyTabLabel() function is called for each tab page to get its label. >
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function MyTabLabel(n)
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let buflist = tabpagebuflist(a:n)
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let winnr = tabpagewinnr(a:n)
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return bufname(buflist[winnr - 1])
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endfunction
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This is just a simplistic example that results in a tab pages line that
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resembles the default, but without adding a + for a modified buffer or
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truncating the names. You will want to reduce the width of labels in a
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clever way when there is not enough room. Check the 'columns' option for the
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space available.
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==============================================================================
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5. Setting 'guitablabel' *setting-guitablabel*
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When the GUI tab pages line is displayed, 'guitablabel' can be used to
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specify the label to display for each tab page. Unlike 'tabline', which
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specifies the whole tab pages line at once, 'guitablabel' is used for each
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label separately.
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'guitabtooltip' is very similar and is used for the tooltip of the same label.
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This only appears when the mouse pointer hovers over the label, thus it
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usually is longer. Only supported on some systems though.
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See the 'statusline' option for the format of the value.
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The "%N" item can be used for the current tab page number. The |v:lnum|
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variable is also set to this number when the option is evaluated.
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The items that use a file name refer to the current window of the tab page.
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Note that syntax highlighting is not used for the option. The %T and %X
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items are also ignored.
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A simple example that puts the tab page number and the buffer name in the
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label: >
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:set guitablabel=%N\ %f
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An example that resembles the default 'guitablabel': Show the number of
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windows in the tab page and a '+' if there is a modified buffer: >
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function GuiTabLabel()
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let label = ''
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let bufnrlist = tabpagebuflist(v:lnum)
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" Add '+' if one of the buffers in the tab page is modified
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for bufnr in bufnrlist
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if getbufvar(bufnr, "&modified")
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let label = '+'
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break
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endif
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endfor
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||||
" Append the number of windows in the tab page if more than one
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let wincount = tabpagewinnr(v:lnum, '$')
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if wincount > 1
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let label .= wincount
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||||
endif
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if label != ''
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let label .= ' '
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endif
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" Append the buffer name
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return label . bufname(bufnrlist[tabpagewinnr(v:lnum) - 1])
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endfunction
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||||
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set guitablabel=%{GuiTabLabel()}
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||||
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||||
Note that the function must be defined before setting the option, otherwise
|
||||
you get an error message for the function not being known.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to fall back to the default label, return an empty string.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to show something specific for a tab page, you might want to use a
|
||||
tab page local variable. |t:var|
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user